Brown Pigment
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Brown Pigment
The history of brown pigments is intertwined with the development of art, culture, and technology throughout human history. Various brown pigments have been derived from natural sources, such as minerals, plants, and animals, and later synthesized through chemical processes. Here is an overview of the history of some significant brown pigments:
Umber: Umber is a natural brown pigment derived from earth containing iron oxide and manganese oxide. There are two main types of umber: raw umber, which is a natural earth pigment, and burnt umber, which is produced by heating raw umber to intensify its color. Umber pigments have been used since prehistoric times, with evidence of their use in cave paintings.
Sienna: Sienna is another natural earth pigment, similar to umber, but with a higher iron oxide content. It is named after the Italian city of Siena, which was a major trading hub for the pigment. Sienna has been used in art since the Renaissance and is valued for its warm, reddish-brown tones.
Sepia: Sepia is a brown pigment derived from the ink sac of the common cuttlefish (Sepia). It has been historically used in writing and drawing inks. Artists also used sepia as a drawing and painting pigment. The colour can range from a dark brown to a lighter sepia tone, and it was especially popular in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Van Dyck Brown: Named after the Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck, this brown pigment was originally derived from peat or lignite. It became popular in the 17th century as an oil paint color and was often used for underpainting. Over time, the availability of Van Dyck brown diminished, and modern versions are often synthetic.
Bitumen: Bitumen, a naturally occurring tar-like substance, was used as a dark brown pigment in ancient times. It was commonly employed in Egyptian art and was mixed with other pigments to create various shades. However, its use declined over the centuries due to its tendency to darken and become brittle.
Mars Brown: Mars brown is a synthetic iron oxide pigment that has been widely used since the 18th century. It is produced by calcining iron salts. Mars brown is valued for its stability and lightfastness, making it a popular choice for artists and in various industrial applications.
Raw Sienna and Burnt Sienna: Similar to raw and burnt umber, raw sienna and burnt sienna are natural earth pigments. Raw sienna has a yellow-brown hue, while burnt sienna is produced by heating raw sienna to create a reddish-brown color. Both pigments have been used in art for centuries.
Placrylic Brown: Placrylic Eco Brown Pigment is made from a combination of edible brown root plants that have been thoroughly dried and turned into a pigment powder form, which is combined with placrylic gel medium to make eco brown placrylic paint
Throughout history, the availability and popularity of brown pigments have varied depending on geographical location, cultural preferences, and technological advancements in pigment production.
Today, artists have access to a wide range of brown pigments, both natural and synthetic, providing versatility in artistic expression and whilst most brown pigments available on the market today are earth based pigments, Placrylic is brown to offer the first plant brown pigment. Take a look at the video below